【然而 英文】3分鐘搞清But、However、Nevertheless等5個常用英文對比連接詞用法

目錄

But 然而、但是、不過

But這個單字有很多不同的詞性,它可以是連接詞(Conjunction)或者副詞(Adverb),更可以是介詞(Preposition)。不過,But最常見的用法是用作並列連接詞 (Coordinating Conjunction),用來連接2個意義相反的單字、短語或是子句。

  • 連接單字:The car is big, but cheap. (這輛車很大,但是很便宜。)
  • 連接短語: She has a beautiful appearance, but a bad temper. (她擁有美麗的外表,然而脾氣很壞。)
  • 連接子句: Wendy is sick, but she still comes to my birthday party. (Wendy生病了,但是她還是來了我的生日派對。)

注意:

  • 跟在but後面的子句如果較長的話,需要在它前面加上逗號,用作語句停頓和分隔2個完整句子,避免讀者混淆句意。否則,可以省略逗號。例如:The car is big but cheap.
  • 我們不可用however作連接詞來取代but。例如:
    • The car is big but cheap. (✓)
    • The car is big however cheap. (✘)

Although 雖然、不過

Although(或是though)也可以用作對比,但是與but不同的是,它們是附屬連接詞(Subordinating Conjunctions),用以連接主子句和附屬子句。Although可以放在句子開首或是句子中間,若它放在句子中間,它前面不用加上逗號。

  • Tim is smart although he is just 5 years old. (雖然Tim只有5歲,但是他很聰明。)
  • Raymond and James are close friends although they are studying in different schools. (雖然Raymond和James讀不同的學校,但是他們是很親近的朋友。)

注意:

  • Although和Though的意思是一樣,只是Although在書寫上較常見,而Though則較常在口語或會話上使用。
  • 一般而言,Although在語意上較But正式,
  • But跟Although的用法不同,因為它們是2種不同的連接詞(Conjunction)。But作為並列連接詞 (Coordinating Conjunction)只能連接2個相同語法類型的項目,即是:
    • 單字和單字:The car is big, but cheap.
    • 短語和短語: She has a beautiful appearance, but a bad temper.
    • 子句和子句:Wendy is sick, but she still comes to my birthday party.
  • 使用Although或Though的時候,主子句和附屬子句的次序不可掉轉。
    • We all feel happy although we lose the game. (✓)
    • Although we lose the game, we all feel happy. (✓)
    • We lose the game, but we all feel happy. (✓)
    • But we lose the game, we all feel happy. (✘)
  • Although和But不可以放在同一句句子內使用。
    • Although we lose the game, but we all feel happy. (✘)

Nevertheless 不過、仍然

Nevertheless(或是nonetheless)雖然也解作「不過」,但是它是連接副詞(Conjunctive Adverb),主要用在句子開首。

  • Nevertheless, many people were injured in the accident. (然而,很多人在意外中受傷。)
  • We brought along the umbrella, but we got wet nevertheless. (雖然我們帶了雨傘,但我們仍然濕透了。)

注意:

  • Nevertheless和Nonetheless的意思一樣,但普遍而言Nevertheless較為常用,而且Nevertheless於比較主動句(Active Voice)較常見。而Nonetheless則會較多使用在被動句(Passive Voice)。
  • Nevertheless與However最大的分別是Nevertheless的表達較強烈和正式。

However 然而、可是、不管怎樣

However是個用以表達前後句意義相反的副詞(Adverb)。它的用法與Nevertheless無異,只是沒有前者在語氣強調上那麼強烈。另外However較Nevertheless常用。However與But最大的不同之處是However用來連接2句獨立的句子,而But則用以連接2句子句。

  • We practice hard for the competition. However, we lose. (我們為比賽很用心地練習,可是輸了。)
  • I must buy this computer however expensive it is. (我一定會買這部電腦,不管它有多昂貴。)

注意:

  • 若把However放在句首使用,後面必須加上逗號。

In Contrast 相反

In Contrast是一個短語(Phrase),它較常在句首出現,後面須加上逗號。它亦可以與with或是to使用,即In contrast with或是In contrast to。

  • In contrast to recession, ABC company earned a lot in the beginning of the year. (經濟衰退相反,ABC公司在年頭賺了很多錢。)
  • ABC company earned a lot in the beginning of the year, in contrast with XYZ company. (XYZ公司相比,ABC公司在年頭賺了很多錢。)
  • In contrast, Jennie attend classes punctually. (相反,Jennie很準時上課。)

想了解更多其他表達相反意思的比較連接詞,可以參考以下影片:

現在大家應該可以容易分辨到But、Although、Nevertheless、However及In Contrast的分別和用法了吧?當然,以上只是一些很基本和常用的英文知識,想了解更多英文寫作、語法知識的話,可以參考我們的英語學習專欄或是體驗我們的英文課堂

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